Endoscopy is a medical procedure that uses a flexible tube with a light and camera, called an endoscope, to view the inside of a patient’s body. It is commonly used to examine the digestive tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines, but can also be used to investigate other areas such as the lungs, joints, or urinary tract. During the procedure, the endoscope is inserted through a natural opening, such as the mouth or rectum, or through a small incision, depending on the area being examined. Endoscopy allows doctors to diagnose conditions like ulcers, tumors, infections, and inflammation. It can also be used for minor surgical procedures, such as removing polyps, taking biopsies, or stopping bleeding. For the patient, endoscopy provides a minimally invasive way to obtain critical diagnostic information, often with quicker recovery times compared to traditional surgery. While the procedure can be uncomfortable, it is generally safe and effective, with local anesthesia or sedation used to minimize discomfort during the process.